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Given four projective lines $L_1,L_2,L_3,L_4$ in projective plane, such that no three lines intersect in the same point and another four lines $M_1,M_2,M_3,M_4$ such that any three also do not intersect in the same point. Prove that there always exists a projective transformation $F: \mathbb{P}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{P}^2$ such that $F(L_i)=M_i$, $i=1,2,3,4$.

My attempt was the following:

Since we are in projective space we know any two lines intersect at exactly one point, so we can define four points:
$T_i = L_i \cap L_{i+1}$ for $i=1,2,3$ and $T_4 = L_4 \cap L_1$(and the same thing with lines $M_j$ to get points $P_j$) . Since line through two points is of the form $X = sA_1 + tA_2$, where $X = (x,y,z)$, $A_1$ and $A_2$ are points and $s$ and $t$ are parameters. Since $F$ is given by a matrix $X\cdot F = s X\cdot A_1 + tX\cdot A_2$ it is enough to find $F$ that maps $F(T_i)=P_i$.

Next I defined $A = [T_1, T_2, T_3]$ ($3 \times 3$ matrix) and $B = [aP_1, bP_2, cP_3]$ and we have to solve: $XA = B$. Since no three lines intersect at the same point $A$ is invertible we can write $X=BA^{-1}$ and by using the condition $XT_4 = \lambda P_4 $, where $\lambda = (a,b,c)$ we get our projective transformation.

I would like some insight if this is correct and if every thing is clear within my proof.

1 Answers1

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Your proof is good.

Here is a cousin version.

Let us consider, the 6 points of intersection $A, B, C, D, F, G$ of lines $L_i$ plus the intersection of diagonals $E$. This kind of figure is called a complete quadrangle that we will denote by $(Q)$.

This quadrangle has in particular an important property of harmonic division, but we will not use it here.

enter image description here

Let us do the same thing on the second set of line $M_i$, with points $A', B', C', D', E', F',G'$ (complete quadrangle (Q')).

As shown here there is a projective mapping $f$ mapping (Q) onto a square [which amounts to say, if we prefer a "static" point of view, that point $E$ has coordinates $(0,0)$, that vertices $A,B,C,D$ have coordinates $(\pm 1,\pm 1)$ and that points $G$ and $F$ are sent to infinity].

Let us call $f'$ the similar projective mapping senting (Q') onto a square.

Taking $\varphi := f'^{-1} \circ f$ gives the projective transformation mapping (Q) onto (Q'), therefore mapping all lines $L_i$ onto the corresponding lines $M_i$.

Jean Marie
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