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I have this rhombus. The width w and height h, and the coordinates of M the intersection of the diagonals is also given. The border radius r is given.

enter image description here

Notice how the circle with center O and radius r is tangent to the segments [AD] in the point T.

In this diagram, $w = AC$ and $h = BD$, so they are interchangeable below.

I want to find the coordinates of the point T, the intersection point between the border radius circle and the side of the rhombus, relative to M.

So I need a way to express the distance TI and the distance IM only in terms of w, h, and r.

(finding IM is the same as finding DI, since $IM=\frac{w}{2}-DI$)

There are four right angle triangles of interest:

  • TDO
  • ADM
  • TDI
  • TIO

Here are the equations I have obtained inside each triangle:

Triangle TDO

$\cos(\theta)=\frac{DT}{DO}$

$\sin(\theta)=\frac{r}{DO}$

$\tan(\theta)=\frac{r}{DT}$

$DO^{2}=DT^{2}+r^{2}$

Triangle ADM

$\tan(\theta)=\frac{w}{h}$

Triangle TDI

$\cos(\theta)=\frac{DI}{DT}$

$\sin(\theta)=\frac{TI}{DT}$

$\tan(\theta)=\frac{TI}{DI}$

$DT^{2}=DI^{2}+TI^{2}$

Triangle TIO

$\cos(\theta)=\frac{TI}{r}$

$\sin(\theta)=\frac{IO}{r}$

$\tan(\theta)=\frac{IO}{TI}$

$r^{2}=TI^{2}+IO^{2}$

There's no system of equations solver online willing to solve this, and I am unsure how to proceed to solve for the unknowns TI and IM in terms of the knowns w, h, and r.

Bernard
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1 Answers1

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Consider this as a comment. Someone willing to convert it to an answer can do it.
Let $M=(0,0),\,D=(0,\frac y2),\, C=(\frac x2,0)$ where I use $x,y$ instead of $w,h$.
$T$ being on the line $CD$ is $T=tC+(1-t)D$ and $O$ being on the line $MD$ is $O=sD$.
We have $$(O-T)\cdot (C-D)=0,\ (O-T)^2=r^2,$$ solving this yields $$T=\left(\pm\frac{ry}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}}, \frac y2 \left(1 \mp \frac{2ry}{x\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}}\right) \right)$$

  • Thanks a lot. Could you explain this part: " being on the line is =+(1−)". I understand it is some scalar multiplication of the coordinates, just not sure how you got it.

    Do you think this is the simplest form of the solution? If so I am surprised it is this complicated.

    – zr0gravity7 Jul 13 '20 at 22:24
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    For line equation see this point 3. $\$ Yes I think it's rather simple. Anyway, as it's correct, no other can exist, so it's the answer. Although the solution is not too lengthy too) Thanks. – Alexey Burdin Jul 13 '20 at 22:26
  • I think there is a mistake, the second coordinate of T does not match what I have obtained empirically from my diagram. – zr0gravity7 Jul 14 '20 at 01:48
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    That's fine, everyone makes mistakes. Can you please provide values for $x,y,r$ for which the coordinates of $T$ do not mathch the above? Thanks. – Alexey Burdin Jul 14 '20 at 01:52
  • Actually it was my mistake, I used x: 16.7, y: 9.6, r: 2.3, and got T = (1.2, 5.5). This does not match what I had on my graph. The mistake I made was doing (y/2)(1+...), which gave 5.5. Using (y/2)(1-...) gave me the expected answer of 4.1. I am not sure why the solution has a plus/minus, if it impossible to obtain one of these cases empirically. For the first coordinate of T, the plus/minus makes sense since there are two tangents symmetric along the rhombus height. But for the second coordinate it does not make sense. Maybe the system was not constrained enough. – zr0gravity7 Jul 14 '20 at 02:03
  • Please see here. Is the second coordinate pair $(1.1462592440991075, 4.141072530338238)$ the right one? – Alexey Burdin Jul 14 '20 at 02:09