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Let $f:I\times E\to \mathbb R$ where $I$ is an interval. Suppose

  • $x\longmapsto f(x,t)$ is integrable for all $t$.

  • $t\longmapsto f(x,t)$ is derivable for a.e $x$, we denote the derivative $\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}$.

  • There is $\varphi:E\to \mathbb R^+$ in $L^1(E)$ s.t. $$\left|\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}(x,t)\right|\leq \varphi(x)$$ for a.e. $x$.

Set $$F(t)=\int_E f(x,t)dx.$$ Prove that $$F'(t)=\int_E \frac{\partial f}{\partial t}(x,t)dx,$$ for all $t$.


Attempts

We made the proof when $I$ is an interval of the form $[a,b]$ and $f$ is $\mathcal C^1([a,b])$. So the theorem is just a consequence of mean value theorem. I would like to prove this more general theorem. I did as follow :

Fix $t\in I$. We suppose first $I$ bounded. Since $$\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(x,t+h)-f(x,t)}{h}=\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}(x,t),$$ there is $\delta>0$ s.t. $$|\frac{f(x,t+h)-f(x,t)}{h}|\leq \left|\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}(x,t)\right|+1\leq \varphi(x)+1\in L^1(I).$$

Using DCT, we get $$\lim_{h\to 0 }\frac{F(t+h)-F(t)}{h}=\int_E\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(x,t+h)-f(x,t)}{h}dx=\int_E\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}(x,t)dx.$$

Q1) Is it correct ?

Q2) How can I do when $I$ is not supposed bounded ?

Angina Seng
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user380364
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  • I found this and thought it could be interesting ,though it doesn't give any proofs sadly http://planetmath.org/differentiationundertheintegralsign – Davide Morgante Jul 19 '18 at 10:10
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    I gave a proof here. I think it is what you want. – Matthew Cassell Jul 19 '18 at 10:14
  • @Mattos: The thing is I don't have the assumption that $\frac{f(x,t+h)-f(x,t)}{h}\leq \varphi(x)$ I just have $\left|\frac{\partial f}{\partial t}(x,t)\right|\leq \varphi(x).$ So I'm not sure the proof you made is adaptable here. – user380364 Jul 19 '18 at 10:35

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