Questions tagged [trace-map]

Questions about the trace map on Sobolev spaces, which maps a function on a domain to its boundary values, and generalizations or related concepts. Consider using [sobolev-spaces] as well. For questions about the trace of a matrix or other meanings of trace, please use [trace] instead.

This tag is for questions about or related to the trace map, $T$, which is a map that lets one talk about `boundary values' $Tu$ of a Sobolev function $u\in W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ where the boundary $\Omega\subset \mathbb R^n$ has some regularity. This makes sense despite the fact that $\partial\Omega$ is a null subset of $\mathbb R^n$; one cannot usually restrict a function defined almost everywhere to null sets.

A basic version of the Trace Theorem (proving the boundedness of $T:W^{1,p}(\Omega)\to L^p(\partial\Omega)$) for Lipschitz domains) can be found in Evans' "Partial Differential Equations". More general versions can be found in Adams and Fournier's "Sobolev Spaces".

Questions using this tag can be for example about a proof of the Trace Theorem, about the background needed to understand it, or applications to PDEs and other areas of mathematics. You should consider using the tag as well.

The word 'trace' has many other meanings in mathematics; for questions concerning the trace of elements in field extensions, use , and for others, use .

104 questions
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Trace Theorem question

From PDE Evans, page 272. My question is towards the bootom of this post. THEOREM 1 (Trace Theorem). Assume $U$ is bounded and $\partial U$ is $C^1$. Then there exists a bounded linear operator $$T : W^{1,p}(U) \rightarrow L^p(\partial U)$$ such…
11
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Rellich–Kondrachov theorem for traces

Let $W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ be the Sobolev space of weakly differentiable functions whose weak derivatives are $p$-integrable, where $\Omega \subset \mathbb R^n$ is a domain with Lipschitz boundary. Let furthermore $\gamma$ be the trace map. I am looking…
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Meaning of surface measure

While studying PDE, I came across this trace operator which talks about the class $L^{p}(\partial \Omega)$ for open sets $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$ with $C^{1}$ boundary. I don't understand what measure we give to $\partial \Omega$.
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Can we strengthen the extension theorem for zero trace functions?

I am reading Evans PDE book and I am working up to the Sobolev Embedding Theorem. While reading through the proof of the fact that all $u\in W^{1,p}(U)$ that satisfy $Tu=0$ are also in $W^{1,p}_0(U)$. However, the setup feels a bit loose. From page…
K.defaoite
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6
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Continuous functions in Sobolev spaces

Let $W^{k,p} (\Omega)$ be a Sobolev space, $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N$. Formally, $W^{k,p}(\Omega)$ consists of equivalence classes of functions with finite Sobolev norm. Two functions, $f$ and $g$, are said to be equivalent ('equal') if $\Vert…
6
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Reference request: Lebesgue/Sobolev spaces on the boundary

I am interested in the Boundary Lebesgue/Sobolev/Besov Spaces $L^p(\partial\Omega;\mathcal{H}^{N-1}), \ W^{k,p}(\partial\Omega),\ B^{s,p}(\partial\Omega)$ where $\Omega\subseteq\mathbb{R}^N$ is a bounded Lipschitz domain. I found in the book of…
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Characterization of functions in the Sobolev space $H_0^2(U)$ as zero trace functions in $H^2(U)$

Firstly, I am wondering if there exists a trace operator $$T:H^2(U)\rightarrow L^2(\partial U)$$ such that it satisfies analogous properties to that of the usual trace operator for functions in $W^{1,p}(U)$. Secondly, I would like to know if the…
6
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1 answer

$W_0^{1,p} \cap W^{1,q} = W_0^{1,q}$?

Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb R^n$ be an open set. We denote by $W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ the usual Sobolev spaces and $W_0^{1,p}(\Omega)$ is the closure of $C_c^\infty(\Omega)$ in $W^{1,p}(\Omega)$. Let $1 \le p < q \le \infty$. Do we have $W_0^{1,p}(\Omega)…
gerw
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6
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Distributional traces

Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb R^n$ be a domain with a smooth boundary $\partial \Omega$. I know that for $s > 1/2$, one can define a (zeroth order) trace operator $$ \gamma \colon H^s(\Omega) \to H^{s-1/2}(\partial \Omega) \subset L^2(\partial…
anonymous
  • 1,059
5
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1 answer

Trace operator and $W^{1,p}_0$

Let $W^{1,p}$ be the Sobolev space of $L^p$ functions with $L^p$ first derivatives. Let $W^{1,p}_0$ be the closure of the test functions in $W^{1,p}$. I am not explicitly writing the domain of the functions because I expect it won't matter, but call…
MickG
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4
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2 answers

The trace theorem for functions in $H^{1/2}(\Omega)$

In my textbook, it said that we have the trace operator on Sobolev space like this: (Suppose $\Omega$ is a nice domain in $R^d$) \begin{equation*} H^{s}(\Omega) \hookrightarrow H^{s-\frac{1}{2}}(\partial \Omega), \forall s >…
4
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1 answer

Sobolev spaces with respect to divergence and their properties

Let $n \in \mathbb{N}$, $\Omega$ a non-empty bounded open set of $\mathbb{R}^n$ with Lipschitz boundary and $p \in [1,\infty]$. Define $$V_p:=\bigg\{\overrightarrow{q}\in L^p(\Omega;\mathbb{R}^n) \mid \exists \ f\in L^p(\Omega;\mathbb{R}), \forall…
4
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1 answer

A doubt on the Sobolev space $W_0^{1,p}(\Omega)$

Let $\Omega \subset \Bbb R^d$ be open and $1\leq p<\infty$. Recall that $W_0^{1,p}(\Omega)$ is the closure of $C_c^\infty(\Omega)$(smooth function with compact support in $\Omega$) in $W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ where $$W^{1,p}(\Omega)= \{u\in L^p(\Omega):…
4
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Generalized Behrend version for Grothendieck-Lefschetz trace formula

The statement of the Grothendieck-Lefschetz fixed point theorem is well-known. For a proper algebraic variety $X$ over $\mathbb F_q$, $$\#X(\mathbb F_q) =\sum_i (−1)^i Tr(Fr_X, H^i_c(X, \mathbb Q_l)).$$ Also known is the version for general…
4
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Boundary Trace in Half Space

Let $\Omega$ denote the upper half-plane in $\mathbb{R}^2$, i.e. $$ \Omega = \left\{ (x_1,x_2) : x_2 > 0\right\}. $$ Is it possible to find a function in $H^1_0(\Omega)$ whose boundary trace vanishes in $L^2(\partial \Omega)$ but not pointwise? I…
user596383
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