I recall that there is a formula for calculating an arithmetic series (the sum of an arithmetic sequence). But is there a shortcut for calculating the sum, from n=1 to k, of n(a1 + an)/2 (shortcut, as in something more computationally efficient than evaluating n(a1 + an)/2 at each n and summing the results)
To use an obvious example given the current season: According to the song, "The Twelve Days of Christmas," at the end of the 12 days, the recipient should have received 364 gifts. Is there a formula where I'd plug in n=12 and get 364?