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I am looking for textbooks on math contests that give the theory associated with the topics (such as graph theory,geometry,Trig,combinatorics,etc) before giving a large volley of problems to solve(apart from AoPs). I am a high schooler and complete beginner to these. Is there a textbook that discusses theory as good as Arthur Engel has done for problem solving in the book Problem Solving Strategies?

Oshawott
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Here are the books I recommend every mathlete from my personal experience:

Geometry and Trigonometry:

  • Euclidean Geometry in Mathematical Olympiads by Evan Chen: This is the most recommended book for Olympiad geometry. The book goes through many important concepts and also gives insights of solving problems.
  • Geometry Revisited by H.S.M Coxeter: An awesome classic. Some IMO medalists still recommend this book above EGMO.
  • Geometry Unbound by Kiran S. Kedlaya: If you've completed all necessary concepts in geometry and want to solve some good problems, this is the book you're looking for.
  • 103 Trigonometry Problems by Titu Andreescu: A good problem book for Olympiad trigonometry.

Inequalities:

Functional Equations:

Algebra:

Number Theory:

Combinatorics:

Problem Solving:

Again, I mention these are my recommendations. Others suggestion may differ from this (you may add your suggestions in the comments). And there might be some books I forgot to include. May your math journey be enjoyable. Happy problem solving!

Oshawott
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    I would add "A walk through combinatorics: an introduction to enumeration and graph theory". While it's not made for olympiad problems as far as I can tell. It covers much of the same material while still managing to be engaging and interesting. – Oussema Aug 06 '21 at 03:41
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    Great recommendations!! There are only two other books I find essential when it comes to contest Math. “Inequialities”, by Cvetkovski, Zdravko (https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642237911) and Khurmi’s “Modern Olympiad Number Theory” (which can be found for free on aops: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h2344755). The first book does not only cover the most common and helpful techniques, but also gives an insight on more complex and advanced ones; from the second book, I will only say that it has been compared to Evan Chen’s work, but in NT ;) – Dr. Mathva Aug 10 '21 at 12:54
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    Also, Evan Chen has a nice list of recommendations in his webpage which include both books and other resources online (such as helpful handouts): https://web.evanchen.cc/recommend.html – Dr. Mathva Aug 10 '21 at 12:55
  • @Dr.Mathva I've read the first book. The book was good but I forgot to include that. The second book, I never knew existed. I read first few pages of the book and I think it's worth comparing to EGMO. Thanks for your suggestion, especially the second one. I've added both the in my list. – Oshawott Aug 10 '21 at 14:00