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A sequence $(x_n)$ is weakly cauchy if for every $x^*\in X^*$, $(x^*(x_n))$ converges. Let $c$ denote the space of convergent functions.

Theorem: A weakly cauchy sequence is norm-bounded.

Proof: Let $(x_n)$ be a weakly cauchy sequence in $X$. Define $T:X^*\to c$ by $T(x^*)=(x^*(x_n))$. By the closed graph theorem, $T$ is continuous, so $||T||=\text{sup}_n||x_n||<\infty$.

Question 1: Why is the graph of $T$ is closed in $X^*\times c$?

Question 2: Why is $||T||=\text{sup}_n||x_n||$? I have $||T||=\text{sup}_{||x^*||=1}||Tx^*||_{\infty}=\text{sup}_{||x^*||=1}||(x^*(x_n))||_{\infty}\leq\text{sup}_{||x^*||=1}||x^*|||(x_n)||_{\infty}=||(x_n)||_{\infty}$

but I don't see the other inequality.

Community
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user124910
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1 Answers1

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As one of the consequences of Hahn-Banach we have that:

If $x \in X$ then $$||x||=\sup\{|x^*(x)|:||x^*|| \leq 1\}$$

Note that $$||T||=\sup\{||T(x^*)||:||x^*||=1\}=\sup\{||T(x^*)||:||x^*||\leq1\}$$

Using these you can derive the equality in your second question.

Marios Gretsas
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