Yes as you claim (b) is true. Call A as the set of first 10 natural numbers .Now Let us see some ideals of this ring. Let $a\in A$, Define: $I_{a}=\{\ f:A \to \mathbb{Z}_{2}|f(a) =0 \}\ $. Observe this is an ideal of this ring. Moreover, it is a maximal ideal. It is obvious that (d) is correct because $f^{2}=f$. Infact, this is an example of a boolean ring.
(a) is incorrect is pretty clear as we have a quite a few maximal ideals as we will vary a from 1 to 10.
Now about the number of ideals. observe first that if $B\subseteq A$ we can define $I_{B}= \{\ f:A \to \mathbb{Z}_{2}|f(b) =0$ $\forall$ b $\in B \}\ $.
Clearly $I_{B}$ is an ideal. If $B=A$, then $I_{B}$ is the zero ideal.
Now how many such proper ideal we have already.
we claim if B is empty then $I_{B}$ is the whole ring. To see this if B is empty we have for each $a \in A$ , there exists $f_{a} \in I$ such that $f_{a}(a)=1$.
Define: $g_{a}=f_{a}.h_{a}$ where $h_{a}(x)=1$ if x=a or zero otherwise. clearly $g_{a} \in I$. Observe $\sum_{a\in A}g_{a}=1$, where denotes the identity function. Hence $I_{B}=R$.
So, if B is non-empty we have $I_{B}$ is clearly a proper ideal of R. How many proper subset B of A are there? $2^{10}-1$ isn't it? 1023 ideals we have already have which are proper. So (c) is incorrect.