MathWorld gives the name "Cork plug" for "a three-dimensional solid that can stopper a square, triangular, or circular hole. There is an infinite family of such shapes. The shape with smallest volume has triangular cross sections."
Further,
The plug with the largest volume is made using two cuts from the top diameter to the edge [...]. Such a plug [with height $h$ and radius $r$] has $h=2r$ to obtain a square cross section. For a general such a plug of height $h$ and radius $r$, the volume of the plug is
$$V = \frac13(3\pi-4)hr^2$$
The entry cites Martin Gardner's book "The Second Scientific American Book of Mathematical Puzzles and Diversions" (UC Press, 1987). The term comes from the section "The Cork Plug", in which Gardner writes
Many old puzzle books explain how a cork can be carved to fit snugly into square, triangular and square holes. An interesting problem is to find the volume of the cork plug. [...]
See, for instance, this 2009 discussion (via harvard.edu) supplementing Oliver Knill's Multivariable Calculus course at Harvard.