Questions tagged [multiplication]

In the second paragraph of section 2.5 of the paper Remote Timing Attacks are Practical the authors write: When $g$ is just below a multiple of $q$, then OpenSSL almost always uses fast Karatsuba multiplication. When $g$ is just over a multiple of…

Since the LBC use The ring $\displaystyle{R_q \simeq \frac{\mathbb{Z}_q[X]}{\langle X^d+1\rangle}}$, then all the multiplications are of form $$ c(X) = a(X) b(X) \mod(X^n+1,q) $$ which also can be interpreted as: $$c(q) = a(q) b(q) +…

I have been reading the paper on SNEIKEN and SNEIKHA authenticated encryption and cryptographic hashing when I came upon some interesting optimization that was used to perform field multiplcation in order to create 32-bit permutations. As part of…

Each text is a place-value representation of a number with regard to (w.r.t.) each alphabet that holds all characters in the text, in which case the number of characters in the alphabet serves as base. For instance, “479” is a base-10 place-value…